IB Chemistry SL Reactivity 3.1.1 Brønsted–Lowry Theory

Practise identifying acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors within a specific reaction. Track the transferred H⁺ between formulas, distinguish a soluble alkali from…

Exam points

identify the species donating and accepting H⁺ by comparing formulas before and after
write acid or base reaction equations with water and the correct conjugate products
distinguish a base from an alkali by solubility rather than proton-acceptor behaviour

[Maximum number: 1]

Two hydrides of nitrogen are ammonia and hydrazine, $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}$ . One derivative of ammonia is methanamine whose molecular structure is shown below.

Figure for Question 3.1.1—Brønsted-Lowry theory question 1 — IB Chemistry SL

Hydrazine reacts with water in a similar way to ammonia. Deduce an equation for the reaction of hydrazine with water.

$\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}{ }^{+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})$ $\text { Accept } \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{I}) \rightleftharpoons$ $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}{ }^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{OH}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})$ .

Equilibrium sign must be present.

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3.1.1—Brønsted-Lowry theory question 1