Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry 1.49 Giant covalent structures
Practise explaining the high melting points and hardness of giant covalent structures such as diamond and silicon dioxide.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2019
- Course
- Chemistry 4CH1
Practise explaining the high melting points and hardness of giant covalent structures such as diamond and silicon dioxide.
This question is about the covalent compounds hydrogen chloride and silicon dioxide.
The diagram shows part of the structure of silicon dioxide.

Silicon dioxide has the same structure as diamond.
Silicon dioxide is very hard and has a very high melting point.
Explain these properties.
Refer to the structure and bonding of silicon dioxide in your answer.
an explanation linking any 5 of the following points:
NB do not credit high melting point as in the question
M1 giant (covalent) structure / lattice
M2 covalent bonds are strong
M3 which requires a lot of energy to break the (covalent) bonds
M4 3D / tetrahedral structure
M5 every silicon atom makes 4 bonds / 4 pairs of electrons shared
M6 no layers / atoms cannot slide over each other
ALLOW strong attraction between shared pairs of electrons and nuclei
M3 being dep on covalent do not allow more energy
Lose 1 mark if they mention intermolecular forces or ionic bonding
Total =
13