CAIE IGCSE Physics Particle Model of Conduction

Practise explaining conduction through lattice vibrations in all solids and the additional transfer by mobile delocalised electrons in metallic conductors.

Exam points

describe hotter lattice particles vibrating more and transferring energy to neighbours
state that metals contain mobile delocalised electrons that gain energy near the hot end
explain electrons moving and colliding with distant ions to transfer energy rapidly

[Maximum number: 3]

Fig. 4.1 shows a metal pan on an electric hotplate. The pan contains $200 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}$ of water.

Fig. 4.1

The pan is heated. The temperature of the water in the pan increases.

Thermal energy is transferred through the metal pan by conduction.

State and explain the two ways that thermal energy is conducted in a metal.

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2.3.1.2—Thermal conduction in all solids in question 1