Solids have a fixed shape. Liquids adapt to the shape of their container. Gases fill their container.
Explain in terms of forces between molecules and arrangement of molecules, why solids, liquids and gases have these properties.
Solids
Liquids
Gases
Solids - molecules in lattice arrangement
solids - strong forces between molecules
liquids - molecules not fixed in place OR molecules have an irregular arrangement OR molecules (slightly) further apart (on
average) than in solids OR spaces between the molecules
liquids - (average) forces too weak to keep molecules in a definite pattern OR forces just enough to hold molecules in the
bulk of the liquid
gases - molecules far apart
gases - weak / no forces between molecules (except during collisions)
A stationary smoke particle is hit by a fast-moving nitrogen molecule.
Which row describes the motion of the smoke particle and of the nitrogen molecule after the collision?
smoke particle
nitrogen molecule
moves
rebounds
moves
stops
remains stationary
rebounds
remains stationary
stops
A
Brownian motion is the random movement of microscopic particles in a liquid or gas.
Which statement about Brownian motion is correct?
Brownian motion only occurs when the liquid or gas is heated.
Much heavier fast-moving particles that cannot be seen collide with the microscopic particles.
Much lighter fast-moving particles that cannot be seen collide with the microscopic particles.
The microscopic particles move to avoid the fast-moving liquid or gas molecules.
C