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IB ESS HL 3.3.2 Conservation Strategies Questions

Compare in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies and their trade-offs.

Syllabus
First assessment 2026
Course
ESS HL
Level
HL

Exam points

  • compare in-situ habitat protection with ex-situ conservation such as zoos, captive breeding and reintroduction
  • evaluate conservation strategies using evidence about species recovery, habitat protection, education, funding, ethics and reintroduction risks
  • synthesize how protected areas, organizations and species-based actions can work together to conserve biodiversity

Learn this topic

Study 3.3.2—Conservation strategies conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

IB ESS HL 3.3.2 Conservation Strategies Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 3]

protected areas and biodiversity
- Over 25% of land is protected forest and reserves with over 190 protected sites.
- Ecosystems range from coral reefs and mangroves to tropical rainforests and provide goods and environmental services.

Development of protected areas in Costa Rica

Figure:Development of protected areas in Costa Rica

Total number of speciesmore than 500000
Flowering plants9000
Ferns800
Mammals250
Birds850
Reptiles220
Amphibians200
Insectsmore than 300000<br>(including more than 1200 butterflies and 8000 moths)

Table:Estimated number of species in Costa Rica

Explain three ways in which the development of protected areas shown in Figure: Development of protected areas in Costa Rica has improved the conservation of species.

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