IB ESS HL 2.2.3 Energy and Matter Transformation Question Bank
Distinguish energy transformations from matter transformations in ecological systems.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS HL
- Level
- HL
Exam points
- identify the ecological process or energy relationship
- apply the correct thermodynamic, productivity or trophic concept
- justify the conclusion from evidence and system boundary
2.2.3—Energy and matter transformation question 1
[Maximum number: 4]
Outline the transfers and transformations of matter as it enters and flows through the first trophic level of a food chain.
Transfers: [3 max]
a. Carbon dioxide diffuses into leaves;
b. Nitrates/phosphates/(inorganic) minerals diffuse/actively transported into roots;
c. Water is taken up/diffuses into roots;
d. Sugars translocated from leaves to other parts of the plant;
e. Water vapour/oxygen diffuses out of leaves;
f. Organic matter is transferred to next trophic level/decomposers through feeding
Transformations: [3 max]
a. Conversion of carbon dioxide/water into organic matter/glucose/oxygen in photosynthesis;
b. Conversion of some organic matter into inorganic matter/CO2/water through respiration;
c. Conversion of glucose to other organic compounds in metabolism;
d. Water evaporates through leaves in transpiration;
e. Conversion of organic matter to inorganic matter through decomposition
Only credit transfers/transformations referring to matter (not energy).
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