IB ESS HL 2.2.8 Second Law and Energy Loss Question Bank

the 2nd law of thermodynamics has energy becoming dispersed, in the ecosystem /overtime there is an increase in entropy;
light energy is converted to chemical energy in plants, with some energy being dispersed in less useful forms /with an increase in entropy; the chemical energy is passed down the food chain through eating/consumption; the energy is used in respiration which releases some of the energy (in a less useful form) as heat which increases disorder of the system/increases entropy of the system; 90\% of energy is lost as heat with each transfer; the heat goes back to the atmosphere but is removed/lost from the ecosystem;

Marking guidance:

Accept answers which correctly apply the concepts of entropy / energy/heat sources and sinks.