IB ESS HL 1.3.13 Ecological Footprints Question Bank

Use ecological footprints to compare resource demand with the land and water available to support a population.

Exam points

calculate or interpret the relevant sustainability measure
compare demand with biocapacity or available resources
explain whether the evidence indicates sustainability or overshoot

[Maximum number: 1]

Figure:Ecological footprint and biocapacity for New Zealand (1961-2022)

Outline a reason why the ecological footprint of New Zealand has changed between 1961 and 2022, as shown in Figure: Ecological footprint and biocapacity for New Zealand (1961-2022).

a. EF has declined due to reduction in consumption of goods/materials/extraction of virgin materials/fossil fuels;
b. EF has declined due to reduction in waste production due to waste minimization/recycling materials/reusing materials;
c. EF has declined due to reduction in pollution/ $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ emissions due to more efficient manufacture methods/transport/more stringent legislation/reduction in use of fossil fuels/incorporation of more sustainable agricultural practices;
d. EF has declined due to an increase in renewable energy sources;
e. EF has declined due to people switching to diets with a lower impact on GHG emissions;
9. With reference to the information in the resource booklet, to what extent is New Zealand managing its resources sustainably?

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1.3.13—Ecological footprints question 1