IB Biology HL D4.1.1 Natural Selection As Mechanism Topic Practice

a. variation in population;
b. (variation is) due to mutation/sexual reproduction;
c. valid example of variation in a specific population;
d. more offspring are produced than can survive / populations over-populate;
e. competition / struggle for resources/survival;
f. example of competition/struggle for resources;
g. survival of fittest/best adapted (to the changed environment)/those with beneficial adaptations / converse;
h. example of changed environment and adaptation to it;
i. favourable genes/alleles passed on / best adapted reproduce (more) /converse;
j. example of reproduction of individuals better adapted to changed environment;
k. alleles for adaptations to the changed environment increase in the population;
l. example of genes/alleles for adaptations increasing in a population;
m. evolution by natural selection;
n. evolution is (cumulative) change in population/species over time / change in allele frequency;

Suitable examples are antibiotic resistance and the peppered moth but any genuine evidence-based example of adaptation to environmental change can be credited.