IB Biology HL D3.3.4 Diabetes Questions
Explain autoimmune beta-cell destruction in type I diabetes and insulin-response failure with lifestyle risk factors in type II diabetes.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2025
- Course
- Biology HL
- Level
- HL
Exam points
- Explain how autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells reduces insulin production in Type 1 diabetes, and identify insulin replacement as a treatment.
- Explain that Type 2 diabetes involves reduced insulin sensitivity or response, and link lifestyle risk factors such as obesity or inactivity to increased risk.
IB Biology HL D3.3.4 Diabetes Questions question 1
Type I diabetes is a leading cause of death in advanced countries and is associated with various severe or fatal complications, including blindness, kidney failure, heart disease, stroke, neuropathy, and amputations. Embryonic stem cells are considered to be a powerful tool in the treatment of diabetes.
In a study, embryonic stem cells were grown in culture and tested for insulin mRNA. A drug was injected into two groups of healthy mice in order to simulate type I diabetes 15 days prior to the transplant of embryonic stem cells. The mice in the transplant group received embryonic stem cells that produce insulin mRNA. The control group did not receive the transplant. The graph shows the blood glucose concentration in both groups.
Outline the cause of type I diabetes in humans.
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