Practise recalling Dement and Kleitman's EEG procedure, sample and dream reports, then using comparative results and contextual evidence to explain or evaluate the study.
From the study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep and dreams):
Outline one result in relation to REM sleep and dream recall.
From the study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep and dreams):
Outline one result in relation to REM sleep and dream recall.
2 marks for the result with a meaningful comparison.
1 mark for result with no meaningful comparison.
e.g.,
There were more dreams recalled in REM compared to NREM sleep (2 marks).
There were more dreams recalled in REM (1 mark). There was a positive correlation between the number of words used to recall dream (in RME) and length of time in REM.
WD had the highest recall level in REM compared to the other participants/KC/DN etc. (2 marks).
There are other creditworthy responses
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Dreams are more vivid in REM (than NREM) = 1 mark.
Most dreams occur in REM (than NREM) = 1 mark.
Dreams are more detailed in REM (than NREM) = 1 mark.
Do not credit dreams only occur in REM.
Outline one result in relation to dream duration estimates when participants were woken up 15 minutes after the onset of REM sleep.
2 marks for the result with a meaningful comparison.
1 mark for result with no meaningful comparison.
e.g.,
Participants were less likely to estimate 15 mins correctly compared to 5 mins correctly (2 marks).
There were 47 instances of correct estimation compared to 13 instances of incorrect estimation (2 marks).
DN only got the estimate correct 50\% of the time (1 mark).
There are other creditworthy responses.
2
Accept on 78\% of trials, Ps could estimate 15 minutes correctly = 1 mark.
Accept 'most' estimations of length were correct = 1 mark.
However, 78\% of Ps could estimate correctly is incorrect =0 marks.
Explain one weakness of this study.
Explain one weakness of this study.
1 mark for the identification of weakness.
1 mark for explaining the weakness via example from the study.
e.g.
(Lacks) generalisability (1 mark: identification) as the sample size was only 5 for those studied intensively and these people may be unique (1 mark: explanation in context).
(Lacks) mundane realism (1 mark: identification) as being asked to guess how long you have been asleep for is not a typical daily behaviour (1 mark: explanation in context.
(Lacks) ecological validity (1 mark: identification).
There are other creditworthy responses, including ethics.
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