CAIE A-Level Psychology AS Level Issues and Debates Questions

Use the banded marking grid below.

If more than three applications given, mark all and credit the best three.

e.g.,

Useful for advertising to focus content.

Useful for product development for toy manufacturers. Rehabilitation of monkeys/primates.

5

Annotate in the following way:

tick = what

plus = how

I = what/how implicit (see below)

Ignore responses about explaining everyday behaviours with examples. They must be proactive/prospective applications to everyday life, not explanations/retrospective.

Do not credit the same how more than once- annotate with REP.

Implicit what = used for toy manufacturing

Implicit how = make toys sex-specific

See accompanying Question 5 grid.

Do not credit anything about gender issues and mental health.

The nature versus nurture debate relates to the study by Bandura et al. (aggression)

Outline what is meant by this debate, including one example from the nature side and one example from the nurture side from the study by Bandura et al.

1 mark for outlining nature plus 1 mark for example from Bandura.

1 mark for outlining nurture plus 1 mark for example from Bandura.

e.g., Nature

Nature is about behaviours being genetically encoded and with us from birth ( 1 mark). Boys were more physically aggressive than girls as this could be due to them having higher levels of testosterone/due to hormones (1 mark).

e.g., Nurture

Nurture is about the learning of behaviours through experiences/after birth ( 1 mark). Participants in all conditions had already been matched on (pre-existing) aggression levels yet, for instance, male Ps were much more likely to imitate a physically aggressive male role model (1 mark). Ps were matched on levels of aggression (1 mark) and there were differences in levels of imitated behaviour depending on whether a model was aggressive or not, so learned (1 mark).

There are other creditworthy examples.

4

Ignore examples that are not from Bandura.

Do not accept tautological outlines, for example, nurture is about being nurtured.

Tick-e = example.

For each problem (max 2 per problem): 1 mark for identification/outline of the problem (generic) 1 mark for linking it to Hölzel et al.

e.g.

It can be difficult for children to keep still (1 mark: identification/outline). For an MRI scan to work, the person has to remain still for a period of time (1 mark alternative: identification/outline).

Therefore, there may be no valid way of measuring brain density as the scans may never be correct/never happen (1 mark: link)

Children may not understand what is being asked of them (1 mark: identification/outline). Therefore, the children may not understand how yoga/mindfulness works (1 mark alternative: identification/outline).

As a result, the children may have seen yoga as a game and therefore effectiveness might not have been measured (1 mark: link).

There are other creditworthy responses, including children can lie about participation in homework, brain developing so grey matter could increase for different reason(s).

4

Go with the intention of the candidate.