CAIE A-Level Psychology AS Cognitive Approach Questions

Second source of data = 1st mark

How the memory score was calculated =2 nd mark 'false alarms' / errors;
(second source of data) [1st]...were taken away from the correct responses score (to give the memory score);
(how) [2nd]

2

Strengths include: reliability, standardisation, validity (internal), quantitative data, ethics.

Weaknesses include, validity (external), sample, lack of random allocation

Example: in detail (named)

The study was unethical as the process of attempting to identify emotions from eyes for the AS/HFA was going to be stressful as it predicted that they would find it difficult therefore it could have been psychologically stressful for those participants. Also, not understanding the words to choose from even with the glossary may have caused unnecessary stress.

Example: brief but in context

The sample only had 15 AS/HFA participants and they were all male. This could make generalisations difficult as they might not represent females with AS/HFA.

Example: no context

The study followed a standardised procedure making it easier to replicate.

10

Ignore if candidate calls it a laboratory experiment but do credit controls and standardisation if argued correctly.

Please note that the only ethical guidelines that are covered in the journal paper are:

Adhere: minimising harm (weak), informed consent, confidentiality.

Break: minimising harm only.

The remainder: right to withdraw, deception, privacy and debriefing are not mentioned in the journal paper.

10

10

From the study by Pozzulo et al (line-ups):

Describe the 'line-up presentation' for the target-absent condition.

1 mark per correct point made up to 4 marks.

1 mark for the marking point in bold as it is unique to the target-absent condition.

The target was replaced with a similar foil/foil had similar features to the target.

All of the pictures were shown simultaneously. The target and target replacement were always in the same position.

The target's line-up position was randomised. There were four photographs/foils in the line-up.

A silhouette was in the line-up (to represent the possibly of an absent target)

Each participant watched four videos.

These were presented on a laptop/computer/on a screen.

These were in a random order.

The photo array/line-up was shown after each video.

The position of the replacement was counterbalanced across photo arrays/line-ups.

None of the (four) photographs had been in the video.

5

The list is definitive.

For the annotations use ticks are per usual but use tick-b for the point in bold to know that the response can access all available marks.

3 foils in the line-up plus a silhouette =2 marks [4 foils and the silhouette mark are added together].

Do not credit how the photographs were chosen.

Do not credit what a participant was expected to do.

Do credit target was not in the line-up.

4 foils and a silhouette =1 mark for the 4 foils only.