CAIE A-Level Biology AS 7.2.6 Assimilate Transport in Phloem Questions
Explain assimilate transport in phloem from sources to sinks using evidence from each question and mark scheme.
- Syllabus
- 2028–2030
- Course
- Biology 9700
- Level
- AS
Explain assimilate transport in phloem from sources to sinks using evidence from each question and mark scheme.
Nerium oleander is a xerophytic plant. A photomicrograph of a section through the leaf of N. oleander is shown in Fig. 3.1.
Fig. 3.1
Explain the difference between a source and a sink.
One of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of sucrose in the cytoplasm of palisade mesophyll cells is known as cyFBPase. The gene coding for this enzyme is cyFBP.
The importance of cyFBPase in plant growth can be investigated using plants with a mutation in gene c y F B P. These plants cannot synthesise cyFBPase.
Source:
- site of synthesis of assimilates ;
- described example, e.g. photosynthesis in leaf / storage compound breakdown in roots ;
Sink:
- site where assimilates are stored ;
- described example, e.g. roots for storage of starch ;
- area where growth occurs / assimilates are used for growth ;
- described example, e.g. growth in developing buds / growth of immature leaf ;
- area that receives assimilates / area where sucrose is unloaded ;
Allow named assimilates.
For source, answer must be in context of assimilates.
For sink, answer must be in context of via phloem / from source / from leaf.
Ignore nutrients / substances unqualified if assimilates or named assimilate is not stated when explaining source.
Ignore "place that needs assimilates".
Ignore "place where assimilates are used" unless qualified.
Investigations have shown that plants with the c y F B P mutation grow to a much smaller height and have proportionately far less starch stored in their roots than normal plants.
Suggest why plants with the cyFBP mutation will store less starch in their roots.
two from:
(less cyFBPase / enzyme, so) less sucrose synthesised ;
A no enzyme to synthesise sucrose
less sucrose transported (source to sink) ;
A less sucrose unloaded at sink ;
ref. to less glucose for synthesis of starch / AW (on context of sucrose hydrolysis) ;