CAIE A-Level Biology AS 7.2 Transport Mechanisms Questions

Practise plant-transport mechanism questions by tracing root water pathways, explaining transpiration pull and modelling phloem loading and mass flow.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Biology 9700
Level
AS

Exam points

  • Identify mineral ions and organic compounds transported within plants in dissolved form.
  • Explain apoplast and symplast water routes to xylem, including lignin, suberin and the Casparian strip.
  • Link leaf evaporation and vapour diffusion to xylem pull through hydrogen-bond cohesion and cellulose adhesion.
  • Annotate xerophyte leaf cross-sections to show how rolled leaves, sunken stomata or cuticles reduce water loss.
  • Trace sucrose and amino acids through phloem sieve tubes from sources to sinks.
  • Explain proton pumping and cotransporter proteins in companion-cell loading of sucrose into phloem.
  • Explain phloem mass flow from source to sink using the hydrostatic pressure gradient.

Question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagrams show transverse sections of parts of a plant. Transport tissues are labelled 1 to 6.

Figure for Question 1 — CAIE A-Level Biology AS

Which row shows tissues that mainly transport water and tissues that mainly transport sucrose?

mainly transport

water

mainly transport

sucrose

1 and 3

4 and 6

2 and 3

4 and 5

3 and 5

2 and 6

4 and 6

2 and 3

Question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

Which statement correctly describes the movement of solutes in the symplast pathway?

A

Cell surface membranes regulate the selective absorption of solutes into the symplast pathway.

B

Plasmodesmata control the movement of solutes from the symplast pathway to the apoplast pathway.

C

The symplast pathway transports dissolved mineral ions from the soil that cannot be transported by the apoplast pathway.

D

The movement of solutes through plasmodesmata in the symplast pathway is prevented in the endodermis by suberin.

Question 3

[Maximum number: 1]

Which row correctly shows processes required for the movement of water from a root hair cell to the atmosphere?

cohesion

diffusion

evaporation

key

✓

✓

✓

χ\boldsymbol{\chi}

✓

χ\boldsymbol{\chi}

/ = required

✓

χ\boldsymbol{\chi}

✓

x=\boldsymbol{x}= not required

χ\boldsymbol{\chi}

✓

✓

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