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CAIE A-Level Biology 15.1.6 Membrane Potential Changes

Practise interpreting resting, threshold, depolarisation, repolarisation and refractory regions from channel states, ion movements and sodium–potassium pump activity.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Biology 9700
Level
A2

Exam points

  • explain resting potential using three sodium out, two potassium in and potassium leakage
  • match graph phases with voltage-gated sodium and potassium channel states
  • predict how altered extracellular ion concentrations change threshold or impulse frequency

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