Practise recombinant DNA, gene transfer, PCR, electrophoresis and medical or agricultural applications while interpreting molecular methods and biological data.
A marker gene can be used when a gene of interest is introduced into a plant by genetic engineering.
Describe and explain how the use of a marker gene coding for a fluorescent product can show that the introduced gene of interest is being expressed in plants.
any four from:
1 marker gene added with gene of interest (GOI) ;
2 use same promoter ;
3 (so) both genes, transcribed / expressed (together) ;
4 (so) both proteins are produced ;
5 use UV light (to detect fluorescence) ;
6 fluorescence shows, transcription / expression, of gene of interest (GOI) ;
7 AVP ; e.g. fluorescent proteins not harmful / have no effect on plant / do not affect quantity of desired protein produced
Give two advantages of genetically engineering herbicide resistance in crop plants such as soybean.
any two from:
1 high / increase in, yield / productivity / quality
or
more food ;
2 increased income / reduce costs ;
3 can use herbicides / AW ;
4 less / no, competition ;
5 no need to plough / less labour intensive ;
DNA microarray analysis is a technique used in genetic technology that involves fluorescence. A DNA microarray has single-stranded probes attached to its surface. These probes hybridise to the fluorescently tagged single-stranded DNA that is added.
A DNA microarray analysis can be used to identify the level of expression of some genes.
Describe and explain how the level of expression of some genes can be identified using the DNA microarray analysis technique.
any two from:
1 use mRNA to make (ss)cDNA ;
2 fluorescent, tag / dye / substance / label, attached to cDNA ;
3 hybridisation / binding, of cDNA to probe ;
4 use, lasers / UV light, to produce fluorescence ;
plus
5 idea of intensity of, fluorescence / light, indicates level of (gene) expression ;