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CAIE A-Level Biology 13.1.11 Three Stages of the Calvin Cycle

Practise sequencing rubisco fixation of CO₂ to RuBP, GP reduction to TP using ATP and reduced NADP, and ATP-driven RuBP regeneration in the stroma.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Biology 9700
Level
A2

Exam points

  • fix carbon dioxide to five-carbon RuBP using rubisco and form two GP molecules
  • reduce GP to TP using ATP energy and hydrogen supplied by reduced NADP
  • use ATP and most TP molecules to regenerate RuBP for continued carbon fixation

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