Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry 2.14 Greenhouse gases
Practise planning oxygen-in-air experiments using a metal or non-metal and interpreting volume changes when oxygen is removed.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2019
- Course
- Chemistry 4CH1
Practise planning oxygen-in-air experiments using a metal or non-metal and interpreting volume changes when oxygen is removed.
When iron is left in damp air, rust forms on its surface.
A student uses this apparatus to find the approximate percentage by volume of oxygen in air.

This is the student's method.
- place a graduated glass tube in a beaker of water
- place some damp iron wool and a rubber bung in the top of the tube
- record the reading of the water level in the tube
- leave the apparatus for a few days
- record the reading of the water level again
The diagram shows the readings at the start and at the end of the experiment.

Use the readings to complete the table, giving all values to the nearest 0.5 cm3.

Marking guidance:
- Reading at end scores 1 mark.
- Volume of oxygen used scores 1 mark, consequential on the reading.
| Volume / cm3 | |
|---|---|
| reading at start | 20.5 |
| reading at end | 33.5 |
| volume of oxygen used | 13.0 |
The student uses these results to calculate the percentage by volume of oxygen in air.
Suggest why her calculated value is lower than the expected value.
Not all the oxygen was used up / not all the iron reacted / the experiment was not left for long enough.
Allow:
- air entered or gas escaped
- water level reading was inaccurate
The student repeats the experiment using the same apparatus.
These are her results for the second experiment.
volume of air in tube at start = 80.0 cm3
reading at start = 20.0
reading at end = 35.5
Use the results to calculate the percentage by volume of oxygen in air.
percentage = ................................ %
- volume of oxygen = 35.5 - 20.0, or 15.5 cm3
- 15.5 / 80.0 x 100
- 19.4%
Marking guidance:
- Allow error carried forward from the oxygen volume.
- Correct answer with or without working scores 3.