CAIE IGCSE Physics Particle Model of Expansion

Practise ordering the expansion of gases, liquids and solids and explain the differences through particle spacing, motion and attractive forces.

Exam points

order equal-temperature-rise expansion as gases greatest, then liquids, then solids
explain weaker attraction and wider initial spacing allow gas particles to separate more
contrast strongly held, closely packed solid particles with the greater separation in liquids

[Maximum number: 4]

Fig. 5.1 shows the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer.

Fig. 5.1

The bulb of the thermometer is placed into a beaker of warm water. As the liquid expands, it moves along the tube.

(a)

Explain, in terms of molecules, why a liquid expands when heated.

[ 2 ]

(b)

Explain, in terms of molecules, why a liquid expands more than a solid when heated.

[ 2 ]

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