CAIE IGCSE Business Studies 1.3 enterprise growth and size
Use this enterprise-and-growth page to explain start-up motives, bank planning needs, growth decisions and business-size measures.
- Syllabus
- 2027–2029
- Course
- Business 0264
Use this enterprise-and-growth page to explain start-up motives, bank planning needs, growth decisions and business-size measures.
Nancy wants to be an entrepreneur. She has analysed market research data and decided to start up a book shop. Nancy has identified a suitable location and prepared a business plan. Nancy is calculating her total costs. She will use this information to help her complete a break-even chart as shown in Figure 2.1. Nancy is also considering using e-commerce.

Break-even chart for Nancy's new business
Explain two ways having a business plan could help Nancy.
Way 1:
Explanation:
Way 2:
Explanation:
Award 1 mark for identification of each relevant way (max 2).
Award 1 mark for each relevant reference to this business (max 2).
Award 1 mark for each relevant explanation (max 2).
Points might include:
- Help get a bank loan/finance [k] for her book shop [app] as lender can see that the business is able to repay [an]
- Provide targets / sense of purpose / direction / focus [k] for her new business [app] as can see what she needs to do to achieve her aims [an]
- Help decision-making [k] such as whether to use e-commerce [app] so does not waste time/money on the wrong target market/products [an]
- Act as a checklist/way to monitor progress [k] for this entrepreneur [app]
- Help set budgets [k] to help calculate her margin of safety [app]
- Help organise resources / labour requirements / marketing strategy [k]
Other appropriate responses should also be credited.
To use words from the stem as application the reference must be appropriate (i.e. make sense) in relation to the point being made.
The following words are likely to be appropriate for this question:
- Book (shop)
- Market research
- Break-even chart/margin of safety
- (Suitable) location
- E-commerce
- New/start-up business
- Entrepreneur
Other appropriate examples in context can still be credited.
DNG provides electricity to 16 million customers. It is a limited company which means DNG's shareholders benefit from limited liability. DNG is planning to stop using coal to produce its electricity. Pressure groups had an influence on this decision. The Managing Director knows there will be an opportunity cost to making this change. She is considering the best way to communicate this important information to DNG's 6500 employees.
Identify two limitations of using the number of employees to measure the size of a business.
Limitation 1:
Limitation 2:
Award 1 mark per limitation.
Points could include:
- Does not account for capital intensive business / depends on method of production used
- Could have many part-time employees
- May give a different indicator of size to other measures used.
Other appropriate responses should also be credited.
Only award the first two responses given.
WMH is a business which operates in the secondary sector. It makes furniture including tables and chairs. WMH's employees are all members of a trade union. The Managing Director knows the business is likely to remain small. She is considering introducing new technology into WMH's factory. She also knows it is important for a manufacturing business to choose a suitable location for a factory.
Identify four reasons why a business might remain small.
Reason 1:
Reason 2:
Reason 3:
Reason 4:
Award 1 mark per reason (max 4).
Points might include:
- Limited access to/lack of capital (to expand)
- Limited access to/lack of suitable labour
- Limited access to/lack of suitable land
- Limited access to/lack of suitable resources/raw materials
- Personal preference / owners' choice / owner does not want the responsibility / wants to keep control
- Lack of skills/knowledge/experience (to expand)
- Size of the market / amount of customers / level of demand / small market
- To maintain close customers relationships / provide a personal service / type of industry
- Some large firms dominate the market / low market share / too much competition
- Can be flexible / respond quickly to changes in customer tastes
- No economies of scale / to avoid diseconomies of scale
- Operating at maximum possible output
Other appropriate responses should be credited.
Only award the first four responses given.
Do not award vague statements such as less stressful/have more free time/less likely to have communication issues.