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IB ESS SL 1.3.1 Sustainability Definition Question Bank

Define sustainability as responsible maintenance of socio-ecological systems without diminishing future conditions.

Syllabus
First assessment 2026
Course
ESS SL
Level
SL

Exam points

  • define the sustainability concept precisely
  • connect environmental, social and economic conditions
  • evaluate long-term viability, resilience and future generations

1.3.1—Sustainability definition question 1

[Maximum number: 2]
Human activity on and near Inle Lake

Figure:Human activity on and near Inle Lake

Figure:Agriculture of Inle Lake fact file

- Most people living here are self-sufficient farmers and fishermen.
- Houses are built of wood and bamboo on stilts in the lake.
- Inle carp are a staple food; rice is grown on surrounding hillsides.
- Lotus plants provide fibres for weaving; floating gardens use weed from the lake bottom and grow fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes and cauliflowers.
- Floating gardens rise and fall with water levels and use nutrients from the lake.

Using evidence from the figures showing human activity on and near Inle Lake and the agriculture fact file, explain why the people of Inle Lake have lived sustainably until recently.

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