IB ESS SL 1.3.13 Ecological Footprints Questions

Practise defining, calculating and evaluating ecological footprints, comparing resource demand with biocapacity and explaining how consumption affects sustainability.

Exam points

define and calculate an ecological footprint as land and water needed to provide resources and assimilate wastes
compare ecological footprint with biocapacity and interpret trends for sustainability
explain ecological-footprint changes and evaluate the model's strengths and limitations

[Maximum number: 1]

Figure:Ecological footprint and biocapacity for New Zealand (1961-2022)

Outline a reason why the ecological footprint of New Zealand has changed between 1961 and 2022, as shown in Figure: Ecological footprint and biocapacity for New Zealand (1961-2022).

a. EF has declined due to reduction in consumption of goods/materials/extraction of virgin materials/fossil fuels;
b. EF has declined due to reduction in waste production due to waste minimization/recycling materials/reusing materials;
c. EF has declined due to reduction in pollution/ $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ emissions due to more efficient manufacture methods/transport/more stringent legislation/reduction in use of fossil fuels/incorporation of more sustainable agricultural practices;
d. EF has declined due to an increase in renewable energy sources;
e. EF has declined due to people switching to diets with a lower impact on GHG emissions;
9. With reference to the information in the resource booklet, to what extent is New Zealand managing its resources sustainably?

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IB ESS SL 1.3.13 Ecological Footprints Questions question 1