IB ESS HL 8.1.8 Demographic transition model Question Bank
Practise IB ESS SL/HL 8.1.8 by applying demographic transition model concepts to exam-style environmental systems questions.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS HL
- Level
- HL
Practise IB ESS SL/HL 8.1.8 by applying demographic transition model concepts to exam-style environmental systems questions.

Figure:Population pyramid for New Zealand, 2023
With reference to Figure: Population pyramid for New Zealand, 2023, state which stage New Zealand would be on the Demographic Transition Model (DTM).
Stage 4/5;
Outline one limitation of using the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) in predicting the growth of the population of New Zealand.
a. It does not account for migration;
b. It does not account for impacts of natural disasters/pandemics/war;
c. It does not predict how long each country will be in each stage;
d. It is based on approximations/is simplified (and therefore may not be accurate);