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[Maximum number: 3]

Chlorine undergoes many reactions.

(a)

Predict, giving a reason, whether ethane or chloroethane is more reactive.

[ 1 ]

chloroethane AND C-Cl bond is weaker/ $324 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$ than C-H bond $/ 414 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$

OR

chloroethane AND contains a polar bond

Marking guidance:

Accept "chloroethane AND polar".

(b)

Write the equation for the reaction of chloroethane with a dilute aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

[ 1 ]

$\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}(\mathrm{l})+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Cl}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})$

OR
$\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}(\mathrm{l})+\mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{NaCl}(\mathrm{aq})$

Marking guidance:

Accept use of $\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{Cl}$ and $\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH} / \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{O}$ in the equation.

(c)

Deduce the nucleophile for the reaction in d(iii).

[ 1 ]

hydroxide «ion»/ $\mathrm{OH}^{-}$

Marking guidance:

Do not accept NaOH.

[Maximum number: 1]

Which row correctly shows heterolytic fission?

$\mathrm{Br} \underset{\mathrm{Br}}{\curvearrowleft} \rightarrow \mathrm{Br}^{+}+\mathrm{Br}^{-}$

$\mathrm{Br} \underset{\mathrm{Br}}{\curvearrowleft} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Br}$ .

$\mathrm{Br} \stackrel{\mathrm{Br}}{\mathrm{Br}} \rightarrow \mathrm{Br}^{+}+\mathrm{Br}^{-}$

$\mathrm{Br} \stackrel{\mathrm{Br}}{\mathrm{Br}} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Br}$ .

IB Chemistry SL 3.4 Electron Pair Sharing Reactions Topic Practice

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IB Chemistry SL 3.4 Electron Pair Sharing Reactions Topic Practice

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Question 1

Question (a)

Question (b)

Question (c)

Question 2