Practise IB Biology SL B1.2.4 by explaining how gene expression and amino-acid sequence create many different protein polypeptides.
Cells produce a large variety of proteins with different sequences of amino acids. Explain how this is done.
a. protein is produced when a gene is expressed / switched on
b. genetic code/codons consists of three nucleotides/bases/base triplet
c. genetic code in DNA is transcribed/transcription (to mRNA)
d. mRNA exits the nucleus
e. mRNA (code) is translated/translation into a polypeptide/protein
f. amino acid sequence/polypeptide formation occurs at a ribosome
g. one codon translates to one amino acid
h. tRNA carries code for specific amino acids
i. tRNA anticodon matches with specific codon in mRNA
j. amino acids joined (by peptide bonds) to form polypeptide
k. sequence of amino acids determined by order of bases/nucleotides/codons in DNA/mRNA
I. proteins vary based on which amino acids are used and their order
OR
protein variety increases by mutations to DNA
Explain
7 max