Edexcel IAL Chemistry 15.11 Preparing carboxylic acids

Choose the route from the starting functional group, then state the reagent, reflux condition or equation that converts the precursor into the carboxylic acid product.

Exam points

Write aldehyde-to-carboxylic-acid oxidation equations using [O] for the oxidant.
State hydrolysis of nitriles with aqueous acid or alkali and heat under reflux.
Complete nitrile hydrolysis equations showing carboxylic acid or ammonium products.

[Maximum number: 4]

This question is about carboxylic acids and their derivatives.

(a)

A reaction scheme involving butanoic acid is shown.

Figure for Question (a) — Edexcel A-Level Chemistry A2

Identify X, Y and Z by name or formula.
Alcohol X

Reagent Y

Compound Z

[ 3 ]

(b)

An organic compound E contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.

[ 1 ]

(i)

Aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate is added to a sample of E. No effervescence occurs.

State what can be deduced by this observation.

[ 1 ]

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15.12—The reactions of carboxylic acids with: i lithium tetrahydridoaluminate(III) (lithium aluminium hydride) in dry ether question 1

Question (a)

Question (b)

Question (i)