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Edexcel IAL Chemistry 15.10 Hydrogen bonding in carboxylic acids

Use the -COOH group explicitly: show how it donates and accepts hydrogen bonds, then compare the resulting forces with esters, aldehydes or hydrocarbons.

Syllabus
First assessment 2019
Course
Chemistry YCH11
Level
A2

Exam points

  • Draw a water molecule hydrogen-bonded to a carboxylic acid with lone pairs and dipoles.
  • Compare boiling temperatures using carboxylic acid hydrogen bonding between molecules.
  • Compare water solubility by counting possible hydrogen bonds with water.

15.11—Carboxylic acids can be prepared by the oxidation of alcohols or aldehydes and the hydrolysis of nitriles question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

This question concerns six isomers each with the molecular formula C5H10O2\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}_{2}.

Isomer F is a neutral compound that smells of pears.

It can be formed by the reaction between compounds V and W in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Compound V has an absorption in its infrared spectrum at 1720 cm−11720 \mathrm{~cm}^{-1} and a broad absorption around 3050 cm−13050 \mathrm{~cm}^{-1}.

Compound W can be formed directly from propanal.

State the conditions required and the reagent needed to form compound W from propanal.
(1)

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