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Edexcel IAL Chemistry 15.12 Reactions of carboxylic acids

Match each reagent to the functional-group change: reduction to alcohol, salt formation with bases, acyl chloride formation with PCl5 or esterification with alcohols.

Syllabus
First assessment 2019
Course
Chemistry YCH11
Level
A2

Exam points

  • Choose LiAlH4 in dry ether to reduce carboxylic acids to primary alcohol products.
  • Write acid-base equations with carbonates or hydrogencarbonates and identify CO2 gas.
  • Use PCl5 fumes or alcohol plus acid catalyst to identify acyl chloride or ester formation.

15.13—The nomenclature of acyl chlorides and esters question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

This question is about reactions of carboxylic acids and their derivatives.

Question (a)

(a)

Molecule A reacts in two ways in the presence of an acid catalyst.

molecule A

molecule A

Reaction 1 is intramolecular, in which one molecule of A forms a cyclic ester B.
Reaction 2 is intermolecular, in which a condensation polymer C forms.

[ 1 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Draw the structure of the cyclic ester B.

[ 1 ]

Question (b)

(b)

The molecule shown is a triester, used as a food additive.

Figure for Question (b) — Edexcel A-Level Chemistry A2
[ 1 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Give the molecular formula of this triester.

[ 1 ]
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