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IGCSE Biology Extended8.2.3—Pathway taken by water throughTopic Practice

8.2.3—Pathway taken by water through

• Outline the pathway taken by water through the root, stem and leaf as: root hair cells, root cortex cells, xylem, mesophyll cells

Question 2(a)(i)

[Maximum number: 5]

Fig. 2.1 is a photomicrograph of the end of a plant root.

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.2 shows the results of a study on the rate of uptake of nitrate ions at different points along the root shown in Fig. 2.1.
rate of nitrate ion uptake / pmol per cm2\mathrm{cm}^{2} per s

Fig. 2.2

Fig. 2.2

Describe the rate of uptake of nitrate ions along the root.

Use the information in Fig. 2.1 and Fig. 2.2 in your answer.

Question 15

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows the pathway of water from the soil through a plant.

 soil →X→Y→Z→ mesophyll cells \text { soil } \rightarrow X \rightarrow Y \rightarrow Z \rightarrow \text { mesophyll cells }

Which cells are represented by X, Y and Z ?

X

Y

Z

root hair cells

root cortex cells

xylem

root hair cells

xylem

root cortex cells

xylem

root cortex cells

root hair cells

xylem

root hair cells

root cortex cells

Question 15

[Maximum number: 1]

In which order does water pass through these structures in a plant?

A

mesophyll → root hair → xylem

B

mesophyll → xylem → root hair

C

root hair → mesophyll → xylem

D

root hair → xylem → mesophyll

Question 3(a)(ii)

[Maximum number: 1]

Fig. 3.1 shows some apparatus that was used to investigate water loss from a leafy shoot.

Fig. 3.1

Fig. 3.1

Before the leafy shoot is inserted into the jar shown in Fig. 3.1, it must be recut under water.

Suggest why the end of the leafy shoot was cut under water.

Question 17

[Maximum number: 1]

A leafy shoot is placed in a solution of a red dye.
After 30 minutes, which part of a leaf from this shoot will contain the red dye?

Question image

Question 17

[Maximum number: 1]

Which sequence describes the pathway taken by water as it moves through a plant?

A

root hair cell → xylem → root cortex cell → mesophyll

B

mesophyll → xylem → root cortex cell → root hair cell

C

root cortex cell → root hair cell → xylem → mesophyll

D

root hair cell → root cortex cell → xylem → mesophyll

Question 17

[Maximum number: 1]

Parts of a plant are listed.
1 mesophyll cells
2 root cortex cells
3 root hair cells
4 xylem vessels
What is the pathway taken by water in the plant?

A

1→4→2→31 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3

B

1→2→3→41 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 4

C

3→1→4→23 \rightarrow 1 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 2

D

3→2→4→13 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 1

Question 3(b)

[Maximum number: 5]

Fig. 3.1 shows a photomicrograph of a section of a root.

Fig. 3.1

Fig. 3.1

Describe the pathway of water from outside the root to the xylem vessels (J) at the centre of the root. Use the letters in Fig. 3.1 in your answer.

Question 4(c)(ii)

[Maximum number: 3]

Some forested areas are cleared to provide land to grow crop plants. Deforestation reduces the local rainfall and the concentration of water vapour in the air.

Describe how water moves from the soil into the roots of crop plants.

Question 4(b)(i)

[Maximum number: 3]

A student investigated the diffusion of substances through Visking tubing, an artificial membrane which has some of the properties of cell membranes.

The student made a bag of Visking tubing as shown in Fig. 4.1.

Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.1

The student added some iodine solution to the water in the test-tube.

After 30 minutes at room temperature, the contents of the Visking bag were stained blue-black, but the water outside remained a yellow colour.

Fig. 4.2 is an electron micrograph of a red blood cell within a capillary.

Fig. 4.2

Fig. 4.2

Molecules of carbon dioxide that are produced in muscle cells are transported to the blood.

Describe the pathway taken by these molecules of carbon dioxide.

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