CAIE IGCSE Physics 1.7.3 Energy Resources Topic Practice

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Covered syllabus points

1.7.3.1—Energy/electrical power sources: (a)1.7.3.2—Advantages and disadvantages of each1.7.3.3—Understand, qualitatively, the concept1.7.3.4—Radiation from the Sun is the main1.7.3.5—Energy is released by nuclear fusion1.7.3.6—Research is being carried out to1.7.3.7—Efficiency: (a) efficiency = useful

Question 1

[Maximum number: 5]

The isotope uranium-235 is represented by

92235∪.{ }_{92}^{235} \cup .

Question (a)

(a)

Describe how thermal energy from nuclear reactions is used to generate electricity in a power station.

[ 3 ]

Question (b)

(b)

State one advantage and one disadvantage of using nuclear fuels in a power station instead of using fossil fuels.
advantage
disadvantage

[ 2 ]

Question 2

[Maximum number: 5]

Fig. 2.1 shows solar-powered traffic warning lights.

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.1

The energy from the solar cell is stored in a battery.

Question (a)

(a)

The efficiency of the solar cell is 22%. The power supplied to the lights by the cell is 15 W.

[ 3 ]

Question (i)

(i)

State what is meant by 22% efficiency.

[ 1 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

Calculate the solar power input to the solar cell.
power =

[ 2 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Suggest two advantages of using a solar cell to power the traffic warning lights in Fig. 2.1 compared to using mains electricity.

1
2

[ 2 ]

Question 3

[Maximum number: 1]

Fig. 4.1 shows a stainless-steel saucepan being heated on an electric cooker. The saucepan contains water.

Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.1

The saucepan contains 250 cm3250 \mathrm{~cm}^{3} of water. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg∘C)4200 \mathrm{~J} /\left(\mathrm{kg}^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right). The density of water is 1000 kg/m31000 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}.

The heater supplies enough power to heat the water in 39 s . A student measures the time taken to heat the water as 115 s .

Suggest why the actual time taken to heat the water is longer. Assume that the student takes accurate measurements.

Question 4

[Maximum number: 3]

The isotope uranium-235 is represented by

92235∪.{ }_{92}^{235} \cup .

Describe how thermal energy from nuclear reactions is used to generate electricity in a power station.

Question 5

[Maximum number: 2]

Fig. 2.1 shows solar-powered traffic warning lights.

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.1

The energy from the solar cell is stored in a battery.

Suggest two advantages of using a solar cell to power the traffic warning lights in Fig. 2.1 compared to using mains electricity.

1
2

Question 6

[Maximum number: 2]

Many methods of generating electrical power involve the use of water.

State two methods of generating electrical power for which the main source of energy is not the Sun.

1
2

Question 7

[Maximum number: 1]

Fig. 3.1 shows solar cells that use radiation from the Sun to generate electrical power.

Fig. 3.1

Fig. 3.1

State the name of the process which releases energy in the Sun.

Question 8

[Maximum number: 1]

Research is being carried out to produce electrical energy from the fusion of hydrogen nuclei.
Which row shows two of the problems in designing a fusion reactor?

temperature
needed

why obtaining a high density
of hydrogen nuclei is difficult

very low

the nuclei are negatively charged
and repel each other

very low

the nuclei are positively charged
and repel each other

very high

the nuclei are negatively charged
and repel each other

very high

the nuclei are positively charged
and repel each other

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