CAIE IGCSE Physics 1.7.3 Energy Resources Topic Practice

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Covered syllabus points

1.7.3.1—Energy/electrical power sources: (a)1.7.3.2—Advantages and disadvantages of each1.7.3.3—Understand, qualitatively, the concept1.7.3.4—Radiation from the Sun is the main1.7.3.5—Energy is released by nuclear fusion1.7.3.6—Research is being carried out to1.7.3.7—Efficiency: (a) efficiency = useful

Question 1

[Maximum number: 5]

The isotope uranium-235 is represented by

92235∪.{ }_{92}^{235} \cup .

Question (a)

(a)

Describe how thermal energy from nuclear reactions is used to generate electricity in a power station.

[ 3 ]

Question (b)

(b)

State one advantage and one disadvantage of using nuclear fuels in a power station instead of using fossil fuels.
advantage
disadvantage

[ 2 ]

Question 2

[Maximum number: 5]

Fig. 2.1 shows solar-powered traffic warning lights.

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.1

The energy from the solar cell is stored in a battery.

Question (a)

(a)

The efficiency of the solar cell is 22%. The power supplied to the lights by the cell is 15 W.

[ 3 ]

Question (i)

(i)

State what is meant by 22% efficiency.

[ 1 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

Calculate the solar power input to the solar cell.
power =

[ 2 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Suggest two advantages of using a solar cell to power the traffic warning lights in Fig. 2.1 compared to using mains electricity.

1
2

[ 2 ]

Question 3

[Maximum number: 1]

Fig. 4.1 shows a stainless-steel saucepan being heated on an electric cooker. The saucepan contains water.

Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.1

The saucepan contains 250 cm3250 \mathrm{~cm}^{3} of water. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg∘C)4200 \mathrm{~J} /\left(\mathrm{kg}^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right). The density of water is 1000 kg/m31000 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}.

The heater supplies enough power to heat the water in 39 s . A student measures the time taken to heat the water as 115 s .

Suggest why the actual time taken to heat the water is longer. Assume that the student takes accurate measurements.

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