IB Psychology SL 2.3.4 Cultural Dimensions Questions

Refer to the paper 1 section B assessment criteria when awarding marks.
The command term "discuss" requires candidates to offer a considered review of one or more cultural dimensions of human behaviour.

Responses should present the core traits that define the chosen cultural dimension(s). Candidates may address the chosen cultural dimension(s) generally, for example, that it is the effect of a culture on the beliefs and values of a society, or in a more detailed manner with explanations based on social mobility, agricultural versus urban, democratic principles, economic stability, etc. Both approaches are equally acceptable.

Relevant research may include, but is not limited to:
- Berry (1967);
Kulkofsky et al. (2011);
Wei et al. (2001) - individualism/collectivism
- Zhang et al. (2010);
Eylon and Au (1999);
Lynn et al. (1993) - power distance
- Chen et al. (2005);
Hofstede and Bond (1988) - long-term/short-term orientation (Confucian dynamism)
- Vunderick and Hofstede (1998) - masculinity/femininity
- Shane (1995) - uncertainty avoidance

Discussion may include, but is not limited to:
- methodological considerations
- how the findings of research have been interpreted and applied
- implications of the findings
- assumptions and biases
- areas of uncertainty
- supporting and/or contradictory evidence
- alternative explanations.

Candidates may discuss one cultural dimension in order to demonstrate depth of knowledge or may discuss a larger number of cultural dimensions in order to demonstrate breadth of knowledge. Both approaches are equally acceptable.