Practise IB Psychology SL 2.3.3 by explaining research methods and evaluating how evidence supports conclusions about biological processes and behaviour.
Evaluate research (theories and/or studies) on conformity to group norms.
Refer to the paper 1 section B assessment criteria when awarding marks.
The command term "evaluate" requires candidates to make an appraisal of the strengths and limitations of research on conformity. Although a discussion of both strengths and limitations is required, it does not have to be evenly balanced to gain high marks.
Relevant theories may include, but are not limited to:
- informational/normative social influence theory
- social comparison theory
- bystander effect
- groupthink.
Relevant studies may include, but are not limited to:
- Sherif (1935) testing conformity with autokinetic effect illusion
- Asch (1951,1952,1956) testing conformity under unambiguous conditions
- Crutchfield (1955) on the influence of intellectual competence and personality
- Moscovici et al. (1969,1976,1985) on minority influence
- Kagitcibasi's (1984) study on cultural norms and conformity
- Berry's (1967) study on the cultural differences in conformity.
Evaluation may address issues such as:
- methodological, cultural, ethical and gender considerations
- empirical support
- applications of the theory and/or empirical findings
- contrary explanations or findings.
If research addressing obedience, rather than conformity, is discussed, no marks should be awarded for this. No marks should be awarded for a discussion of the Stanford Prison Study unless it clearly addresses the influence of societal roles on conformity.
Candidates may evaluate a small number of theories and/or studies in order to demonstrate depth of knowledge, or may evaluate a larger number of theories and/or studies in order to demonstrate breadth of knowledge. Both approaches are equally acceptable.
If a candidate evaluates only one theory/study, the response should be awarded up to a maximum of [5 marks] for criterion A, knowledge and comprehension, up to a maximum of [4 marks] for criterion B, critical thinking, and up to a maximum of [2 marks] for criterion C, organization.
If a candidate discusses only strengths or only limitations, the response should be awarded up to a maximum of [5 marks] for criterion B, critical thinking, and up to a maximum of [2 marks] for criterion C, organization. Up to full marks may be awarded for criterion A, knowledge and comprehension.