IB Physics HL A.5.3 Galilean transformations Question Bank

Practise IB Physics HL A.5.3 by applying galilean transformations concepts to exam-style physics questions.

Exam points

identify the relevant physical quantity, model or diagram
apply the correct equation and units to the evidence
justify the result using conservation laws, forces or energy relationships

[Maximum number: 4]

This question is about the Michelson-Morley experiment.

The diagram shows the basic features of the Michelson-Morley experiment.

Figure for Question A.5.3 (HL)—Galilean transformations question 1 — IB Physics HL

During the experiment, Michelson and Morley slowly rotated the apparatus through $90^{\circ}$ . Discuss, with reference to Galilean transformations, the changes that Michelson and Morley expected to observe during the experiment.

(according to a Galilean transformation) speed of light depends on the direction of motion (through the ether); beam which reflects from mirror $M_{1}$ takes different/less time than the beam reflecting from $\mathrm{M}_{2}$ ; the time taken to travel each path will change as the apparatus is rotated; a changing interference pattern is observed;

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A.5.3 (HL)—Galilean transformations question 1