IB ESS HL 3.2.1 Threats to Biodiversity Questions
Analyse habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution, climate change and other threats to biodiversity.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS HL
- Level
- HL
Exam points
- identify biodiversity threats and Red List factors including population decline, habitat loss, fragmentation, pollution, overharvesting and disease
- explain how human activities alter populations, habitats and food webs and can reduce ecosystem biodiversity
- analyse ecological consequences of threats by linking species decline to competition, trophic interactions, productivity, resilience and ecosystem change
IB ESS HL 3.2.1 Threats to Biodiversity Questions question 1
Figure:Photographs showing examples of species found in Brazil
Golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia) IUCN Red List status - endangered
Brazilian merganser (Mergus octosetaceus) IUCN Red List status - Critically endangered
Giant metallic ceiba borer (Euchroma gigantea) IUCN Red List status - none, has not yet been assessed by the IUCN
Figure:Deforestation in the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado
Figure:Photographs showing examples of species found in Brazil
Parana pine: critically endangered. Golden lion tamarin: endangered. Broad-snouted caiman: least concern. Pau brasil: endangered. Brazilian merganser: critically endangered. Giant metallic ceiba borer: not yet assessed by the IUCN.
With reference to the species listed in Figure 4, identify two factors that may have contributed to their status given on the IUCN Red List.
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