IB ESS HL 2.4.13 Global Warming and Cyclones Question Bank
Evaluate links between global warming and tropical-cyclone behaviour.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS HL
- Level
- HL
Evaluate links between global warming and tropical-cyclone behaviour.

Figure:Hurricane history of Dominica since 1900

Figure:Average global sea surface temperature, 1900-2015

Figure:Impacts of Hurricane Maria

Figure:Landslide caused by heavy rains after a hurricane
- 100% of food crops were destroyed.
- 90% of housing was damaged.
- Almost 10000 landslides occurred.
- Extreme damage to tropical rainforest: leaves removed and many trees knocked down.
- Major damage to coral reefs caused by waves and soil erosion.
- Freshwater was contaminated by oil spills and chemicals.
Describe the relationship between sea surface temperature in Figure: Average global sea surface temperature, 1900–2015 and hurricane wind speed in Figure: Hurricane history of Dominica since 1900.
rising sea temperatures result in greater hurricane strength/stronger maximum wind speeds; the two largest hurricanes occurred after 1979, when sea temperatures increased above the 1971-2000 average;
there is no relationship/no clear relationship; the relationship is not consistent as smaller storms occur even after sea surface temperatures exceed the 1971-2000 average/higher sea temperature in the early 1940s did not result in a hurricane;