7.1.20 (HL)—Resource security strategies

Resource security can improve through three distinct levers: reduce demand, increase reliable supply or change technology to reduce dependence.

Resource	Demand lever	Supply lever	Technology lever
Food	reduce loss and waste	protect productive land or improve suitable yields	storage and distribution systems
Water	efficiency and leakage reduction	recharge, reuse or diversified sources	low-water processes or treatment
Energy	conservation and efficiency	diversify domestic low-carbon supply	electrification, storage or substitution away from imports

If water exists but pipes leak and low-income households cannot access it, reducing losses and repairing distribution may improve security before a new reservoir.

Diagnose quantity, access, reliability and import dependence, then choose the lever that addresses the actual failure.

Increasing supply alone can induce more demand or leave affordability and distribution unchanged.