IB Chemistry HL 3.4.8 Complex Ions Questions

Use real HL exam questions to identify the ligands and transition-metal centre, calculate complex charge or oxidation state, and describe the coordination sphere.

Exam points

Identify the central transition-metal cation and every ligand inside the coordination sphere of a complex ion.
Determine the charge and oxidation state of the central metal from ligand charges and the overall complex-ion charge.
Describe the coordination sphere and ligand arrangement, including coordination number and supported complex-ion geometry.

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Study 3.4.8—Complex ions conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

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Phosphoryl chloride, $\mathrm{POCl}_{3}$ , is a dehydrating agent.

$\quad \mathrm{PCl}_{3}$ and $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$ can act as ligands in transition metal complexes such as $\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{PCl}_{3}\right)_{4}$ and $\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{3} \mathrm{Cl}_{3}\right]$ .

Define the term ligand.

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IB Chemistry HL 3.4.8 Complex Ions Questions question 1