IB Chemistry HL 2.3 Water and Atmospheric Systems Question Bank

Practise IB Chemistry HL 2.3 with evidence-led questions on water, atmospheric systems and environmental chemistry.

Covered syllabus points

2.3.1—Metallic bonding 2.3.2—Bond strength 2.3.3 (HL)—Transition elements

[Maximum number: 3]

Titanium and vanadium are consecutive elements in the first transition metal series.

(a)

Describe the bonding in metals.

[ 2 ]

(b)

Suggest why the melting point of vanadium is higher than that of titanium.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 3]

Magnesium, a reactive metal found in many common minerals, is also an essential nutrient for both plants and animals.

(a)

Magnesium metal is mainly used as a component in lightweight alloys, particularly in combination with aluminium and titanium.

[ 3 ]

(i)

Describe the bonding present in magnesium metal.

[ 2 ]

lattice/layers/framework of cations/magnesium ions $/ \mathrm{Mg}^{2+}$ ; surrounded by delocalized electrons / in a sea/flux of delocalized electrons; Accept "mobile" instead of "delocalized".

(ii)

Suggest why magnesium is harder than sodium.

[ 1 ]

Mg has more delocalized electrons (than Na );

Marking guidance:

Accept " M g has more valence electrons than Na " / " Mg is $\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}$ but Na is only $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ ".

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Covered syllabus points

2.3 The metallic model question 1

Question (a)

Question (b)

2.3 The metallic model question 2

Question (a)

Question (i)

Question (ii)