IB Biology SL B3.1.2 Properties of Gas Exchange Surfaces Questions

Explore how alveolar surface area, short diffusion paths, moisture and capillary gradients support rapid oxygen and carbon-dioxide exchange in IB Biology SL B3.1.2.

Exam points

Explain that efficient gas-exchange surfaces are large, thin and moist, giving short diffusion paths for oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Relate steep concentration gradients and capillary contact to rapid diffusion across alveolar walls.
Use emphysema evidence to explain how loss of alveolar surface area reduces gas exchange.

[Maximum number: 1]

Emphysema is a condition where the alveoli of the lungs are destroyed, resulting in patients feeling out of breath. The micrograph shows air pockets resulting from emphysema.

Figure for Question IB Biology SL B3.1.2 Properties of Gas Exchange Surfaces Questions question 1 — IB Biology SL

What is a direct consequence of the destruction of alveoli?

Decrease in surface area for gas exchange

Increased blood flow to the lungs

Increase in pulmonary surfactant production

Decrease in ventilation rate

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IB Biology SL B3.1.2 Properties of Gas Exchange Surfaces Questions question 1