IB Biology SL B3.1.2 Properties of Gas Exchange Surfaces Questions

Explore how alveolar structure and blood flow maintain the gradients that drive oxygen and carbon-dioxide diffusion in IB Biology SL B3.1.2.

Exam points

Explain how large alveolar area, thin walls and a moist lining speed oxygen and carbon-dioxide diffusion.
Explain how ventilation and blood flow maintain concentration gradients across alveoli.
Infer how emphysema-related alveolar destruction reduces gas-exchange surface area.

[Maximum number: 1]

Emphysema is a condition where the alveoli of the lungs are destroyed, resulting in patients feeling out of breath. The micrograph shows air pockets resulting from emphysema.

Figure for Question IB Biology SL B3.1.2 Properties of Gas Exchange Surfaces Questions question 1 — IB Biology SL

What is a direct consequence of the destruction of alveoli?

Decrease in surface area for gas exchange

Increased blood flow to the lungs

Increase in pulmonary surfactant production

Decrease in ventilation rate

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IB Biology SL B3.1.2 Properties of Gas Exchange Surfaces Questions question 1