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IB Biology HL A3.2.7 Hl Analysing Cladograms Questions

Interpret roots, nodes and branches, identify evolutionary relationships and evaluate what cladograms show in classification and phylogenetic research.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Course
Biology HL
Level
HL

Exam points

  • Interpret roots, nodes and branching points as evidence of common ancestors and the sequence of divergence.
  • Identify closest or most distant relatives, clades and evolutionary relationships from a cladogram.
  • Use cladograms to discuss classification, phylogeny and evolutionary research, distinguishing what the diagram can and cannot establish.

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Study A3.2.7 (HL)—Analysing cladograms conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

IB Biology HL A3.2.7 Hl Analysing Cladograms Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

The gut of a healthy human contains more than 1000 species of bacteria. Some of these species are shown in the cladogram.

Figure for Question IB Biology HL A3.2.7 Hl Analysing Cladograms Questions question 1 — IB Biology HL

Identify, with a reason, whether the cladogram shows species X is more closely related to M. Iuminyensis or to E. faecalis.

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