Practise describing experimental designs, controls, allocation methods and practical strengths and weaknesses with CAIE Psychology AS questions and mark schemes.
Describe the following experimental designs, using any example(s):
- matched pairs design
- repeated measures design.
Repeated measures:
Same Ps in each level of IV / condition;
Risk of order effects / practice or fatigue effects;
As Ps see experimental situation more than once;
Also risk of recognising demand characteristics;
Order effects resolved by counterbalancing;
Where half Ps do conditions in order AB, others BA;
eg Dement & Kleitman 5/15 minutes;
Hölzel pre/post mindfulness course;
Perry personal space situations (CIDs) Ps did all of the different approaching objects (ball, stranger, friend, authority figure);
Perry different room configurations (of table/chair/plant);
Matched pairs:
Different Ps in each level of the IV;
similar individuals allocated one to each level of IV;
eg one twin in each group;
reducing effects of individual differences;
similarities relevant to study;
e.g. age / IQ / gender;
e.g. similar to Bandura aggression levels of children;
Ps matched into pairs =0 [REP]design.
6
1 mark per definition/point of detail, max 2 for each term/concept.
1 mark per example, max 2 for each term/concept. Examples can be any studies (core studies, other studies, candidate's own).
Max 4 if no e.g.s or if only one term/concept.
Only 1 example needed to access 6 marks.