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CAIE A-Level Biology 4.1.1 Fluid Mosaic Membrane Model

Practise explaining bilayer orientation, lateral fluidity and the protein mosaic, then interpreting how displaced phospholipids, inserted molecules or pores alter permeability.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Biology 9700
Level
AS

Exam points

  • orient hydrophilic phosphate heads towards water and hydrophobic fatty-acid tails inwards
  • describe proteins distributed through or on a laterally fluid phospholipid bilayer
  • interpret membrane disruption through displaced phospholipids, pores or altered permeability

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