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CAIE A-Level Biology 2.3.3 Interactions Maintaining Protein Shape

Practise using R-group polarity and position to explain hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen, ionic and disulfide bonds, protein folding, solubility and stability.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Biology 9700
Level
AS

Exam points

  • link non-polar R groups with hydrophobic interactions away from an aqueous environment
  • identify hydrogen, ionic and disulfide bonds between appropriately placed R groups
  • predict altered shape or solubility when an amino-acid substitution changes R-group properties

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