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Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry B Crude Oil Questions

Practise crude oil questions on fractions, boiling points, fuel combustion, acid rain, cracking and alkane or alkene formulae.

Syllabus
First assessment 2019
Course
Chemistry 4CH1

Exam points

  • explain fractional distillation using heating, column temperature gradient and condensation
  • link fraction position, chain length and intermolecular forces to boiling point
  • explain fuel combustion products, including CO toxicity and SO2 or NOx causing acid rain

Covered syllabus points

4.7 Crude oil as a hydrocarbon mixture4.8 Fractional distillation of crude oil4.9 Crude-oil fractions and uses4.10 Trends in fraction properties4.11 Fuels4.12 Hydrocarbon combustion products4.13 Carbon monoxide toxicity4.14 Nitrogen oxides in engines4.15 Sulfur impurities and sulfur dioxide4.16 Acid rain4.17 Catalytic cracking4.18 Why cracking is necessary

Question 1

[Maximum number: 7]

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons.

Question (a)

(a)

Name the process used to separate crude oil into fractions.

[ 1 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Give one use of the kerosene fraction.

[ 1 ]

Question (c)

(c)

Catalytic cracking is used to convert long-chain alkanes into shorter-chain alkanes.

[ 3 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Name the catalyst used in catalytic cracking.

[ 1 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

Explain why it is necessary to convert long-chain alkanes into shorter-chain alkanes.

[ 2 ]

Question (d)

(d)

Catalytic cracking also produces alkenes.
CX11HX24\ce{C11H24} can undergo cracking to give pentane (CX5HX12\ce{C5H12}) and two different alkenes.
Complete the equation for this cracking reaction.

CX11HX24\ce{C11H24} -> CX5HX12\ce{C5H12} + ...... + ......

[ 2 ]

Question 2

[Maximum number: 8]

Crude oil is an important source of organic compounds.

Question (a)

(a)

The diagram shows crude oil being separated into different fractions.

Figure for Question (a) — Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry
[ 6 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Name the process used to separate crude oil into different fractions.

[ 1 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

State what happens to the crude oil at X .

[ 1 ]

Question (iii)

(iii)

Describe the differences between fraction B and fraction E.

In your answer, refer to
- size of the molecules
- boiling point
- colour
- viscosity

[ 4 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Crude oil often contains sulfur as an impurity.

Explain why this is a problem when using crude oil fractions as fuels.

[ 2 ]
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