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Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry 4.32C ethanol manufacture

Practise ethanol-manufacture questions by completing fermentation equations, naming yeast and comparing industrial conditions.

Syllabus
First assessment 2019
Course
Chemistry 4CH1

Exam points

  • Complete fermentation equations from glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide.
  • State yeast, absence of air and about 30-40 °C for fermentation conditions.
  • Compare fermentation with ethene hydration using table data on feedstocks and conditions.

4.32C Manufacture of ethanol question 1

[Maximum number: 4]

Some cars in Brazil use ethanol, C2H5OH\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}, as a fuel instead of petrol.
The ethanol is made by the fermentation of glucose which is obtained from sugar cane.
The sugar is extracted from the sugar cane and then dissolved in water to make a sugar solution.

Question (a)

(a)

Name the substance that is added to the sugar solution that causes glucose to ferment.

[ 1 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Which temperature is the most suitable for fermentation?

A

0∘C0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

B

10∘C10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

C

30∘C30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

D

80∘C80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

[ 1 ]

Question (c)

(c)

Ethanol is also manufactured by reacting steam with ethene, CX2HX4\ce{C2H4}.

The equation for this reaction is:
CX2HX4(g)\ce{C2H4(g)} + HX2O(g)\ce{H2O(g)} -> CX2HX5OH(g)\ce{C2H5OH(g)}

State the conditions of temperature and pressure used in this process.

temperature = ................................
pressure = ................................

[ 2 ]
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