CAIE IGCSE Chemistry Effects on Equilibrium Position

Practise predicting equilibrium shifts from temperature, pressure or concentration changes and explaining each shift with energy or gaseous mole data.

Exam points

for temperature change, identify and favour the endothermic or exothermic direction
for pressure change, favour the side with fewer or more moles of gas as appropriate
for concentration change, predict the shift that removes the added species and state no catalyst shift

[Maximum number: 4]

The Periodic Table is a method of classifying elements.

$\mathrm{PCl}_{3}$ reacts with chlorine, $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}$ , to form $\mathrm{PCl}_{5}$ . This reaction is exothermic and reaches an equilibrium.

\mathrm{PCl}_{3}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{PCl}_{5}(\mathrm{~g})

State the effect, if any, on the position of this equilibrium when the following changes are made.
Explain your answers.
temperature is increased
pressure is increased

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6.3.4—Predict and explain, for a reversible question 1