IB Physics SL S2.1.3 Controlling Variables Questions

Control SL investigation variables by keeping relevant geometry, material, dimensions and loading conditions constant while collecting data.

Exam points

state a relevant variable that must remain constant, such as nail diameter, length, material, wood type or surface condition
explain how changing a control variable could alter the measured result and weaken a fair comparison
distinguish the controlled variable from the independent and dependent variables in a data-collection plan

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Study S2.1.3—Controlling variables conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

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A group of students uses pressurized air to move a piston that forces a nail into a block of wood. A gauge is used to measure the pressure P of compressed air above atmospheric pressure. The nail enters the wood perpendicular to its surface.

Figure for Question IB Physics SL S2.1.3 Controlling Variables Questions question 1 — IB Physics SL

The students use a ruler to measure the length of the nail which remains above the surface of the wood as shown. The depth of the nail inside the wood is d. All necessary length measurements are recorded using a ruler with uncertainty $\pm 1 \mathrm{~mm}$ .

The students systematically increase the pressure and calculate d.

Table for Question IB Physics SL S2.1.3 Controlling Variables Questions question 1 — IB Physics SL

State one variable that needs to be controlled when collecting the data.

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IB Physics SL S2.1.3 Controlling Variables Questions question 1