IB ESS SL 2.2.19 Microplastics Question Bank
Analyse how microplastics enter food webs, persist and affect organisms.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS SL
- Level
- SL
Analyse how microplastics enter food webs, persist and affect organisms.

Figure:Dead albatross chick with plastic garbage in stomach
- Figure: Albatross and plastic impacts: larger plastic pieces are taken in by fish, sea birds and animals, which may die of starvation.
- One study estimates around 1 million sea birds, including albatrosses, and 100000 animals are killed by ingestion of plastic or entanglement in plastic fishing nets.
- About half of all albatross species are endangered or critically endangered on the Red List.
Explain why albatross chicks may starve if they eat plastic.
plastic pieces fill up stomach/digestive system reducing hunger/creating a feeling of satiation;
plastic pieces fill up stomach/digestive system so the gut can get blocked/damaged; plastic pieces when eaten give no nutrients to the chick;
Marking guidance:
Do NOT accept: bird poisoned by plastic pieces inside it as this is not linked to starvation.