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IB ESS HL 7.1.7 Natural Capital Value Types Questions

Practise IB ESS HL 7.1.7 by applying natural capital value types concepts to environmental systems questions.

Syllabus
First assessment 2026
Course
ESS HL
Level
HL

Exam points

  • identify ecological, economic and socio-cultural value types of natural capital and the context of willingness to pay
  • explain how variables may influence an individual’s willingness to pay to restore an ecosystem such as a marsh
  • apply natural-capital value concepts to pollution and ecosystem-restoration evidence in the stated case contexts

Learn this topic

Study 7.1.7—Natural capital value types conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

IB ESS HL 7.1.7 Natural Capital Value Types Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

Plans are being discussed to restore a much larger area of the marshes by using a greater amount of water from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

Valuing ecosystems and willingness to pay to restore marshes

Figure:Valuing ecosystems and willingness to pay to restore marshes

Figure:Valuing marsh restoration

Ecosystems can be valued by placing a monetary value on natural income or by surveying stakeholders about willingness to pay to preserve species or habitats.
Villagers in South Eastern Iraq were asked how much they would be willing to pay to completely restore the marshes; Figuremaps the survey results.

With reference to Figure: Valuing marsh restoration (a) and Figure: Valuing marsh restoration (b) suggest two variables that might influence an individual's willingness to pay to restore the marshes.

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